HIV associated CD8 encephalitis (CD8E)

Evidence-based neurology checklist on hiv associated cd8 encephalitis (cd8e): Epidemiology This is a steroid-responsive subacute encephalitis It develops in well-controlled HIV infection It is more frequent in women and Black people The onset is over days to months It may develop after HSV…

Epidemiology

  • This is a steroid-responsive subacute encephalitis
  • It develops in well-controlled HIV infection
  • It is more frequent in women and Black people
  • The onset is over days to months
  • It may develop after HSV encephalitis

Pathology

Clinical features

Differential diagnosis

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain

Treatment

Outcome

References

  1. Shenoy A, Marwaha PK, Worku DA. CD8 encephalitis in HIV: a review of this emerging entity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:770.
  2. Lucas SB, Wong KT, Nightingale S, Miller RF. HIV-associated CD8 encephalitis: a UK case series and review of histopathologically confirmed cases. Front Neurol 2021; 12:628296. 
  3. Lescure FX, Moulignier A, Savatovsky J, et al. CD8 encephalitis in HIV-infected patients receiving cART: a treatable entity. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57:101-108.
  4. Sharma R, Spradley T, Campbell M, et al. CD8 encephalitis: a diagnostic dilemma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2687.
  5. Ishiguro M, Ueno Y, Ishiguro Y, et al. CD8+ T-cell encephalitis mimicking PRES in AIDS: a case report. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:179.
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