Spastic paraparesis: causes

Neurodegenerative

• Hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP)
• Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD)
• Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS)
• Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA)
• Friedreich’s ataxia (FA)

Inflammatory and autoimmune

Infective

Metabolic

Nutritional

Structural and vascular

Other causes

Acronym

References

1. Salinas S, Proukakis C, Crosby A, Warner TT. Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical features and pathogenetic mechanisms. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7:1127-1138.
2. Miller DH, Leary SM. Primary-progressive multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 2007; 6:903-912.
3. Warner T. Hereditary spastic paraplegia. ACNR 2007; 6: 16-17.
4. Hensiek A, Kirker S, Reid E. Diagnosis, investigation and management of hereditary spastic paraplegias in the era of next-generation sequencing. J Neurol 2015; 262:1601-1612.
5. Fukushima T, Shirota M, Waragai M, et al. Spinal endoscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of central nervous system neurosarcoidosis. JNNP 2006; 77:702.
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Related checklists

• Spastic paraparesis: clinical features
• Spastic paraparesis: investigations
• Spastic paraparesis: treatment