Refractory status epilepticus (RSE): classification

Refractory status epilepticus (RSE)

• This is status epilepticus which is resistant to two anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs)
• One of the AEDs should be a Benzodiazepine
• Older age is a risk factor

Super refractory status epilepticus (SRSE)

New onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE)

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES)

References

1. Shorvon S, Ferlisi M. The treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus: a critical review of available therapies and a clinical treatment protocol. Brain 2011; 134:2802-2818.
2. Delaj L, Novy J, Ryvlin P, Marchi NA, Rossetti AO. Refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus in adults: a 9-year cohort study. Acta Neurol Scand 2017; 135:92-99.
3. Marawar R, Basha M, Mahulikar A, Desai A, Suchdev K, Shah A. Updates in refractory status epilepticus. Crit Care Res Pract 2018; 2018:9768949.
4. Alolayan YS, McKinely K, Bhatia R, Alkhachroum A. Review and updates on the treatment of refractory and super refractory status epilepticus. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3028.
5. Khawaja AM, DeWolfe JL, Miller DW, Szaflarski JP. New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE)-the potential role for immunotherapy. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 47:17-23. 
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Related checklists

• Now onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE)
• Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES)
• Super refractory status epilepticus (SRSE)
• Refractory status epilepticus (RSE): investigations
• Refractory status epilepticus (RSE): treatment