Anti NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis: atypical features

Evidence-based neurology checklist on anti nmdar autoimmune encephalitis: atypical features: Overlap demyelinating syndrome Demyelinating episodes occur in 5% of cases These occur concurrently or independently They are more likely to present with psychosis and dyskinesias They are associated with…

Overlap demyelinating syndrome

  • Demyelinating episodes occur in 5% of cases
  • These occur concurrently or independently
  • They are more likely to present with psychosis and dyskinesias
  • They are associated with a worse clinical profile
  • Ovarian teratomas occur less frequently than in typical NMDAR encephalitis

Unusual presentations

References

  1. Bradshaw MJ, Lisak RP, Meltzer E, et al. A young man in "double-trouble": Hallucinations and cranial nerve palsies: From the National Multiple Sclerosis Society Case Conference Proceedings. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2018; 6:e526.
  2. Kaneko A, Kaneko J, Tominaga N, et al. Pitfalls in clinical diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. J Neurol 2018; 265:586-596. 
  3. Dalmau J, Armangué T, Planagumà J, et al. An update on anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis for neurologists and psychiatrists: mechanisms and models. Lancet Neurol 2019; 18:1045-1057.
  4. Beecher G, Wagner AN, Abele J, Smyth P. Teaching NeuroImages: prosopagnosia heralding anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neurology 2018; 90:e2012-e2013. 
  5. Sawamura H, Yamamoto T, Ohtomo R, Bannai T, Wakakura M, Tsuji S. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis associated with transient cerebral dyschromatopsia, prosopagnosia, and lack of stereopsis. J Neuroophthalmol 2014; 34:144-148. 
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