Paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia (PAID)

Evidence-based neurology checklist on paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia (paid): Causes Traumatic brain injury (TBI) Cardiac arrest Peduncular tuberculoma Hypoxia Brain tumours Meningoencephalitis Autoimmune limbic encephalitis Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) Subarachnoid haemorrhage…

Causes

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
  • Cardiac arrest
  • Peduncular tuberculoma
  • Hypoxia
  • Brain tumours
  • Meningoencephalitis
  • Autoimmune limbic encephalitis
  • Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH)
  • Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)
  • Hydrocephalus

Autonomic features

Dystonic features

Triggers

Differential diagnosis

Treatment

Synonyms

References

  1. Blackman JA, Patrick PD, Buck ML, Rust RS Jr. Paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia after brain injury. Arch Neurol 2004; 61:321-328. 
  2. Wang VY, Manley G. Recognition of paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia (PAID) in a patient with traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2008; 64:500-502. 
  3. Kapoor D, Singla D, Singh J, Jindal R. Paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia (PAID) syndrome following cardiac arrest. Singapore Med J 2014; 55:e123-e125.
  4. Singh DK, Singh N. Paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia in a child: rare manifestation of an interpeduncular tuberculoma. Pediatr Neurosurg 2011; 47:275-278. 
  5. Kern J, Bodek D, Niazi OT, Maher J. Refractory case of paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia syndrome secondary to hypoxia. Chest 2016; 149:e39-e40.
  6. And 10 more. Subscribe to see the full list

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