Multiple system atrophy (MSA): clinical features
Evidence-based neurology checklist on multiple system atrophy (msa): clinical features: Motor subtypes MSA-C: Cerebellar predominant MSA-P: Parkinsonism predominant Non-motor variants Premotor symptoms Motor features Dystonia Autonomic features Sleep-related features Other features Prognosis Poor…
Motor subtypes
- MSA-C: Cerebellar predominant
- MSA-P: Parkinsonism predominant
Non-motor variants
Premotor symptoms
Motor features
Dystonia
Autonomic features
Sleep-related features
Other features
Prognosis
Poor prognostic factors
References
- Gilman S, Wenning GK, Low PA. Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neurology 2008; 71:670-676.
- Stefanova N, Bucke P, Duerr S, Wenning GK. Multiple system atrophy: an update. Lancet Neurol 2009; 8:1172-1178.
- Kollensperger M, Geser F, Seppi K, et al. Red flags for multiple system atrophy. Movement Disorders 2008; 23:1093-1099.
- Gaig C, Iranzo A, Tolosa E, Vilaseca I, Rey MJ, Santamaria J. Pathological description of a non-motor variant of multiple system atrophy. JNNP 2008; 79:1399-1400.
- Riku Y, Watanabe H, Mimuro M, et al. Non-motor multiple system atrophy associated with sudden death: pathological observations of autonomic nuclei. J Neurol 2017; 264:2249-2257.
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