Multiple sclerosis (MS): inflammatory MRI differentials

Evidence-based neurology checklist on multiple sclerosis (ms): inflammatory mri differentials: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) The lesions are not adjacent to the body of the lateral ventricle There are no S-shaped subcortical U-fibre lesions There are no Dawson's finger-type lesions Progressive…

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO)

  • The lesions are not adjacent to the body of the lateral ventricle
  • There are no S-shaped subcortical U-fibre lesions
  • There are no Dawson's finger-type lesions

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

Susac’s syndrome

Behcet’s disease

Other inflammatory MRI differentials

Reasons for MRI misdiagnosis of MS

References

  1. Charil A, Yousry TA, Rovaris M. MRI and the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: expanding the concept of “no better explanation”. Lancet Neurol 2006; 5:841-852.
  2. Falini A, Kesavadas C, Pontesilli S, Rovaris M, Scotti G. Differential diagnosis of posterior fossa multiple sclerosis lesions-neuroradiological aspects. Neurol Sci 2001; 22:S79-S83.
  3. Bastianello S, Pichiecchio A, Spadaro M, et al. Atypical multiple sclerosis: MRI findings and differentials. Neurol Sci 2004; S356-S360.
  4. Juryńczyk M, Tackley G, Kong Y, et al. Brain lesion distribution criteria distinguish MS from AQP4-antibody NMOSD and MOG-antibody disease. JNNP 2016; pii: jnnp-2016-314005 (Epub ahead of print).
  5. Wijburg MT, Witte BI, Vennegoor A, et al. MRI criteria differentiating asymptomatic PML from new MS lesions during natalizumab pharmacovigilance. JNNP 2016; 87:1138-1145. 
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