Balo’s concentric sclerosis (BCS)

Evidence-based neurology checklist on balo’s concentric sclerosis (bcs): Pathology and epidemiology This results from rings of inflammation around foci of demyelination It has an onion ring or whorled appearance It may co-exist with typical MS lesions It is possibly an aquaporin 4 astrocytopathy…

Pathology and epidemiology

  • This results from rings of inflammation around foci of demyelination
  • It has an onion ring or whorled appearance
  • It may co-exist with typical MS lesions
  • It is possibly an aquaporin 4 astrocytopathy
  • There is a high prevalence in Southern Han Chinese, Taiwanese, and Filipinos

Clinical patterns

Clinical features

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Differential diagnosis

Differences with multiple sclerosis (MS)

Treatment

Outcomes

Acronym

References

  1. Hardy TA, Miller DH. Baló’s concentric sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 2014; 13:740-746.
  2. Hardy TA, Corboy JR, Weinshenker BG. Baló concentric sclerosis evolving from apparent tumefactive demyelination. Neurology 2017; 88:2150-2152. 
  3. Darke M, Bahador FM, Miller DC, Litofsky NS, Ahsan H. Baló’s concentric sclerosis: imaging findings and pathological correlation. J Radiol Case Rep 2013; 7:1-8. 
  4. Purohit B, Ganewatte E, Schreiner B, Kollias S. Balo's concentric sclerosis with acute presentation and co-existing multiple sclerosis-typical lesions on MRI. Case Rep Neurol 2015; 7:44-50. 
  5. Chaodong Wang, Zhang KN, Wu XM, et al. Balo's disease showing benign clinical course and co-existence with multiple sclerosis-like lesions in Chinese. Mult Scler 2008; 14:418-424. 
  6. And 9 more. Subscribe to see the full list

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