Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS): neurological features
Evidence-based neurology checklist on antiphospholipid syndrome (aps): neurological features: Demographic features The mean onset age is 42 years Males are more often older at onset Males have more epilepsy and thrombosis Females have more migraine and arthritis Younger onset patients (<15 years)…
Demographic features
- The mean onset age is 42 years
- Males are more often older at onset
- Males have more epilepsy and thrombosis
- Females have more migraine and arthritis
- Younger onset patients (<15 years) have more chorea and jugular thrombosis
- Older onset patients (>50 years) have more stroke and angina
- Catastrophic APS occurs in about 0.8% of cases
Vascular features
Neuroinflammatory features
Cognitive features
Movement disorders
Psychiatric features
Peripheral neurological features
Other features
References
- Hughes GRV. Migraine, memory loss and "multiple sclerosis". Neurological features of the antiphospholipid (Hughes') syndrome. Postgrad Med J 2003; 79:81-83.
- Sanna G, Bertolaccini ML, Cuadrado MJ, Khamashta MA, Hughes GRV. Central nervous system involvement in the antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome. Rheumatology 2003; 42:200-213.
- Cervera R, Piette JC, Font J, et al. Clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1,000 patients. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46:1019-1027.
- Yeo J, Hwang I, Sohn CH, Lee EE, Lee ST, Lee EB, Park JK. Proliferative vasculopathy associated with antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with neurological symptoms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:913203.
