Spasmodic dysphonia
Evidence-based neurology checklist on spasmodic dysphonia: Types Adductor: this affects vowels Abductor: this affects consonants: it is rarer Genetics Clinical features Associated dystonias Differential diagnosis: hereditary whispering dystonia (DYT4) Differential diagnosis: others Treatment
Types
- Adductor: this affects vowels
- Abductor: this affects consonants: it is rarer
Genetics
Clinical features
Associated dystonias
Differential diagnosis: hereditary whispering dystonia (DYT4)
Differential diagnosis: others
Treatment
References
- Ludlow CL. Spasmodic dysphonia: a laryngeal control disorder specific to speech. J Neurosci 2011; 31:793-797.
- Ludlow CL. Treatment for spasmodic dysphonia: limitations of current approaches. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009; 17:160-165.
- Imamura R, Tsuji DH. Adduction spasmodic dysphonia, vocal tremor and muscular tension dysphonia: is it possible to reach a differential diagnosis? Braz J Otolaryngol 2006; 72:434.
- Parker N. Hereditary whispering dysphonia. JNNP 1985; 48:218-224.
- Hersheson J, Mencacci NE, Davis M, et al. Mutations in the autoregulatory domain of β-tubulin 4a cause hereditary dystonia. Ann Neurol 2013; 73:546-553.
